Cause and Effect of Deforestation in Sumatra Forests...

There are thousands of species in the Sumatra forest who are being affected by deforestation. Many of the food and products used today contribute to the deforestation of one of the largest rainforests in the world. Although it is hard to pinpoint one cause of deforestation there are a few that stand out. Palm oil plantations, illegal loggers, and paper companies, are devastating some of the worlds most endangered species. First, palm oil plantations play a large role in the decreasing wildlife population in Sumatra. For instance, an area the size of 300 soccer fields are destroyed every hour (Palmoilaction). Indonesia and Malaysia account for eighty five percent of palm oil production. By tearing down the rainforests natural trees the†¦show more content†¦Eighty percent of Ghanas forests have disappeared but only fifteen percent of timber was harvest for production (National Public Radio). Trees are not the only thing getting in the way of paper companies, many endangered sp ecies have been harmed during the clearing process. The result of palm oil production, illegal logging and paper companies is the threat to endangered species. Sumatraforest.org states that Sumatra is the only place on earth where tigers, elephants, leopards, pythons, bears and orangutans coexist. Not only these animals call Sumatra home there are thirteen primate species, 350 bird species, 150 reptiles and 15000 different plant species (Palmoilaction). Asril Aman, man who lives in the area, stated In the past we could go into the forest and catch deer. We could look for birds, he recalls. But now, there is nothing, as you can see. No animal can live in the acacia forest. We cannot shelter in its shade. Its hot. Its a greedy tree — it uses up a lot of water. (National Public Radio). Tiger habitats are being destroyed and replaced with palm oil plantations and although they are planting different trees orangutans are unable to live in them. Scientists warn that many of the Indonesian species could be extinct in the wild within t wenty to thirty years. Scientists also predict that the rainforest could be completely gone within 100 years. Orangutans elephants and tigers prefer lowlandShow MoreRelatedDeforestation Essay1071 Words   |  5 PagesIs Deforestation Worth It? One of the most prevalent issues in our world today is the issue of deforestation. Deforestation can be described as â€Å"the practice of clearing the natural forests for agriculture, logging, etc.† (Deforestation Statistics). After hearing the definition of deforestation, most people would not find this to be a very significant issue in the world, but after hearing the alarming statistics associated with deforestation, most would change their mind. For example, arguably theRead MoreThe Conservation Of The Sumatran Elephant1518 Words   |  7 PagesElephant to be on the brink of extinction. The Sumatran Elephant natural habitat is on the Islands of Sumatra and Borneo in Indonesia, so a fair question to ask would be why we should care and what we should do? Ultimately, like most species, the Sumatran Elephant provides a valuable balance to a healthy forest ecosystem by feeding on plants and deposit seeds. Moreover, with the rapid deforestation in the area, elephants have come into contact with human villages. This creates catastrophic outcomesRead MoreThe Sumatran Elephant : A Pachyderm s Plight1184 Words   |  5 PagesAs expressed by their name, Sumatra, a large Indonesian island, is the Sumatran elephant’s home. Elephants are found in 25 fragmented populations across the island, in broadleaf rainforests and tropical woodland. In some provinces, the Sumatran elephant has gone locally extinct. On the island of Sumatra, the elephants have a very special niche. They deposit seeds from the plants they eat wherever they go, which contributes to a healthy ecosystem by keeping the forests healthy and growing food forRead MoreCause And Effect Of Deforestation1259 Words   |  6 PagesOctober 2015 Cause and Effect of Deforestation Deforestation is a problem that does not concern many people, but it is an issue that the people of Earth need to deal with. In the past 50 years deforestation has increased a significant amount, but people around the world have been removing the forests since the 1600s. The forests remaining are in danger as the human population goes up, the need for resources will also increase and this will make the deforestation of the last forests come quickerRead MoreThe Impact Of Palm Oil Plantations And Carbon Emissions1523 Words   |  7 Pagessubstantial areas of virgin tropical rain forest. Additionally, local communities, indigenous people, and small landowners are driven from their own land. Leading to more than 700 land conflicts, human rights violations are increasingly breached, even on ‘sustainable’ plantations. Palm oil companies are regulated by the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO), however, corruption and illegal practice are widely identified. What is Palm Oil? What Are the Effects of Palm Oil Plantations? Peat and CarbonRead MoreAdaptation Measures Related Research And Development1626 Words   |  7 Pageschange mainly in economic sectors like agriculture in which climate change will cause severe changes (OECD 2008). There are several types of adaptation technologies in the agricultural sector as shown in table 4. Nevertheless, the development of new crop varieties resistant to extreme weather events, such as floods or droughts, or higher yields varieties are viewed as promising options to cope with the climate change effects. With a changing climate it is important to direct investment towards thoseRead MoreDanger of Deforestation2627 Words   |  11 PagesThe Danger of Deforestation(rough draft) By Chenghao Chen ENGL 289 Mrs. Michelle Graf 7/1/2012 It is obvious the importance of the forest vegetation to everyone in the society. However, people in the past ages did a kind of thing that they thought was very meaningful—cutting down the trees. When they recall this history, most of them cannot be restrained from their remorse and guilty to it. Trees or forest are things that not only protect the environment but also help people to live betterRead MoreThe Causes of Climate Change1008 Words   |  5 Pageschanges in global temperature (German cows cause methane blast in Rasdorf, 2014, Internet). Besides clearing the jungle for agricultural practices, some greedy evil people intend to cut the trees for their own profits in illegal loggings. More trees are being cut, more jungles are being cleared and this illegitimate deforestation critically affects the world climate and the seasonal extremes. In addition to human activities of clearing out the forests; industrial practices also play an essentialRead MoreEconomic Development Of Indonesi A Long Term Plan1559 Words   |  7 PagesJava environment which is fertile for agricultural. In 1970, the density in Java was around 815 people per square kilometre and it is predicted in 2020 the density over than 1100 people. In contrast, outer Java Island, especially in 4 big Island, Sumatra, Kalimantan, Sulawesi and Papua have lower density, such as 17 people per square kilometre in Kalimantan and 4 people in Papua (Calkins et al. 1994). Transmigration is a government project moving people from high density areas to the areas with lowRead MoreDeforestation Regulations Of The Tropics Essay2361 Words   |  10 PagesDeforestation Regulations in the Tropics 48 football fields. Not monthly, not even daily. 48 football fields worth of tropical rainforest is cut down every single minute. This adds up to about 46-58 thousand square miles per year. 58 thousand square miles of the already narrow belt of tropical forests stretching around the equator. These are forests of amazing diversity and productivity. Forests that may cover only 7% of the land’s surface here on Earth, but harbor more than half of all species and

Room, Characteristics Of Qualitative Research - 764 Words

Room 3– Characteristics of Qualitative Research As one compares the work of Creswell (2013), McMillan (2012), and Stake (2010), it becomes apparent that their descriptions of the characteristics of qualitative research hold many similarities. As Creswell points out in his analysis of LeCompte Schensul (1999), Hatch (2002), and Marshall and Rossman (2010), although there are distinct differences in approaches, â€Å"one can arrive at several common characteristics† (Creswell, 2013, p.45). The following table provides a comparison of the major characteristics provided by these the three authors. Creswell (2013) McMillan (2012) Stake (2010) Natural Setting Natural Setting Experiential Researcher as key instrument Direct Data Collection Personalistic Multiple methods Rich Narrative Descriptions Situational Complex reasoning through inductive and deductive logic. Process Orientation Interpretive Participants’ Meaning Inductive Data Analysis Triangulated Emergent Design Participant Perspectives Contains Strategic Choices Reflexivity Socially Constructed Meaning Holistic account. As one considers these similarities and differences among the characteristics portrayed by Creswell (2013), McMillan (2012), and Stake (2010) a common and essential list emerges. A synthesized list of characteristics has been identified below. †¢ Researcher Dependence †¢ Field Based †¢ Multiple Methods of Data Collection †¢ Research Design †¢ Holistic †¢ Participant Perspective †¢ AnalysisShow MoreRelatedRelationship Between One s Biases, Frameworks, And Methodology900 Words   |  4 Pagesnature and approaches of qualitative research. Through individual study and group collaboration, we have navigated a deep topic of engagement that has shaped my perspective of future research and inquiry. Through this process I have discovered the importance of collaboration; the relationship between one’s biases, frameworks, and methodology; the importance of credibility and validity, and the nature in which one’s collaborative approach serves the investigation of the research question. Let us firstRead MoreThe Basics Behind Qualitative Research1270 Words   |  6 PagesFundamentals of Qualitative Research Jamye D. Jeter Cameron Submitted to Dr. Curtis Maybee University of Phoenix Fundamentals of Qualitative Research When a researcher sets out to begin a study, he or she must begin by asking questions of him or herself. These questions lead to the determination of the type of research study the researcher is going to conduct. The study may be based on qualitative research, quantitative research, or both. But, in order to determine the study method and designRead MoreThe Definition Of Science And Research Methods1189 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is science? A brief elaboration of the definition of science and research methods INTRODUCTION Science is a complex activity, which may be defined in a number of ways. To unite both the process and the product of science, one way to define science is as a process of constructing predictive conceptual models (Gilbert, 1991). Gilbert (1991) states, when referring to Kuhn (1970, Lunetta Hofstein (1981), Miller (1978) and Stevens Collins (1980) that in essence, ‘’the definition of scienceRead MoreResearch Methodologies : Questions, Variables, And Data793 Words   |  4 PagesResearch Methodologies: Questions, Variables, and Data Gathering information and conducting research is the starting point when a teacher wants to know a best teaching method or practice. Quantitative and qualitative research can be used for a teacher’s research. If quantitative research is used, three types of questions are available, and are of extreme importance. These types of questions include: descriptive, relational, and causal. It is up to the teacher doing the research to decide howRead MoreUse of Qualitative and Quantitative Research in New Product Development844 Words   |  4 Pagesto upper management to justify the funds and support for new product initiatives, projects and activities. The research methodologies of quantitative, qualitative and experimental research are important processes to assess, identify and refine the many variables which help define the path to decision-making for new product development, product lines and product portfolios. Primary research can be conducted by me or a company I hire to gather data and information for a specific project via interviewsRead MoreGroup Research Study1306 Words   |  6 Pagesmale-to-female transgender individuals (MTF) occur, so that further research may be done to minimize the discrimination altogether. Research design A cross-sectional design will be used to carry out this study as all the data will be collected once and not over multiple time points (Sedgwick, 2014). Cross-sectional research designs are aimed at examining the effect that one variable has on different groups that share certain characteristics with one another (Seawright Gerring, 2008). This is effectiveRead MoreThe On Smokeless Tobacco Products1317 Words   |  6 Pagesused that is relevant to the research topic. Primary sources are original documents which come directly from the source of an individual perspective or observation (Research Guides). These sources are usually interviews, photos, diaries, and research studies conducted directly by the researcher. Secondary sources on the other hand are more of an interpretation of the original research by someone who did not have a direct involvement in the original research (Research Guides). Secondary sources areRead MoreVisual Marketing Communications Among The Millennial Genera tion1644 Words   |  7 Pagesthe millennial generation. The aim of this chapter is to indicate the research methodology selected and explain why focus groups and in-depth interviews have been selected as the appropriate methods in this instance compared to alternative approaches. In addition, this chapter covers methods of data analysis, type of data collected and the research design. Finally, this chapter explains the strategy for the sampling of the research and whether any instruments are employed during the collection and analysisRead MoreMethodology Qualitative And Qualitative Research1675 Words   |  7 PagesMethodology qualitative(300/5)(382/ ) In research the two main used approaches are qualitative and quantitative. Qualitative research represents the study of perceptions, emotions and experiences in the direction of understanding the human behaviour therefore from a subjective perspective ( R). On the other side the quantitative research is expressed numerical, measurable, appropriate for statistics defined as being objective and can be used for general public (R). Another difference, according toRead MoreChapter Three. Research Design. 3.0Introduction. Chapter882 Words   |  4 Pages CHAPTER THREE RESEARCH DESIGN 3.0 Introduction Chapter three deals with the method and procedure that will be adopted for collecting data and choice of analyzing the data. The chapter will be discussed as follows: 1. Research method and Design 2. Population of Study 3. Sample and sampling technique 4. Data collection method 5. Research Instrument 6. Restatement of Research Question 7. Choice of statistical test 8. Validity and reliability of Instrument 3.1 Research method The study will adopt

Say No to One Night Stand Free Essays

Attention Grabber Do you know what does one night stand means? The term ‘one night stand’ means that you have a sexual relationship with a person you meet or possibly a person you never meet before and both of you have no intention to ever meet again or to continue the relationship. It can happen anytime. II. We will write a custom essay sample on Say No to One Night Stand or any similar topic only for you Order Now Reveal Topic Today, I would like to talk about some of the harms of one night stand and persuade all of you to stay away from having this kind of action. III. Relevance Statements There are various reason people having a one night stand such as too much of drink, trips away from home, curiosity about one night stand and the likes. Some people who involved in the one night stand are sensible and happy with the situation where no harm is done. Nowadays, this phenomenon is getting more serious than ever. My suggestion is that every human being should prohibit themselves from having one night stand, consider that it could lead to several serious consequences. IV. Preview of Main PointsSome of the harms of having one night stand are: (a) infection of virus and disease (b) unexpectedly pregnancy (c) regretting and guilty feeling BODY I. One night stand causes virus and disease (Packerpack, 2010). * This is the most danger risk of having one night stand. i. He or she may enjoy having sex with you without telling you that he or she is infected. ii. The people might leaving you with some deadly virus like AIDS or HIV. II. One night stand causes pregnancy accidently (Mary, 2009). * Another result of one night stand is a child born. i.Mostly, you can’t get to contact the people you having one night stand because he or she possibly not leaving any contact ways for you since the person has no intention to ever meet you again. ii. You may abortion the baby or give a birth to baby that the child may never know who their father or mother is. III. One or both of the parties regretting what they have done. (Paul, 2008) * Some of the people will say, ‘I know what I’m exactly doing and not regretting of having one night stand. i. They forget that this guilty feeling come after the night goes by. ii.Some of the people involved in one night stand because they are drunk or trips away from home. iii. This will make them regretting and feel guilty to betray their partner of having one night stand with others if he or she are already into a relationship. CONCLUSION I. Summary of Main Points In conclusion, one night stand brings us a lot of negative effects such as: (a) it causes infections and virus diseases (b) it may cause unexpected pregnancy, and (c) it causes us to feel guilty. II. Memorable Concluding Statement Having a one night stand is not love, not a pleasure, not attraction or relationship.If someone is inviting you to have a one night stand whether he or she is your friends or someone you just met, please be polite and just say no to the person.REFERENCES Mary, P 2009, â€Å"Pregnant after a one-night stand: the accidental mother†, viewed 20 November 2010, from lt;http://women. timesonline. co. ukgt; Pakerpack, 2010, â€Å"The one night stand†, viewed 18 November 2010, from lt;http://hubpages. com/hub/The-One-Night-Standgt;. Paul, S 2008, â€Å"The one-night stand blues: How girls are left to regret brief encounters†, viewed 18 November 2010, from www.dailymail. co. uk How to cite Say No to One Night Stand, Papers

Education history Essay Example For Students

Education history Essay What factors in society ended sectarianism in schools, and made them secular?Probably no single movement so greatly affected colonial America as the Protestant Reformation. Most of the Europeans who came to America were Protestants, but there were many denominations. Lutherans from Germany and Scandinavia settled in the middle colonies along with Puritans and Presbyterians. The Reformation was centered upon efforts to capture the minds of men, therefore great emphasis was placed on the written word. Obviously schools were needed to promote the growth of each denomination. Luthers doctrines made it necessary for boys and girls to learn to read the Scriptures. While the schools that the colonists established in the 17th century in the New England, southern and middle colonies differed from one another, each reflected a concept of schooling that had been left behind in Europe. Most poor children learned through apprenticeship and had no formal schooling at all. Those who did go to eleme ntary school were taught reading, writing, arithmetic, and religion. Learning consisted of memorizing, which was stimulated by whipping. The first basic textbook, the New England Primer, was Americas own contribution to education(Pulliam, Van Patten 86). Used from 1609 until the beginning of the 19th century, its purpose was to teach both religion and reading. The child learning the letter a, for example, also learned that In Adams fall, We sinned all. As in Europe, then, schools in the colonies were strongly influenced by religion. This was particularly true of schools in the New England area, which had been settled by Puritans and other English religious dissenters. The school in colonial New England was not a pleasant place either, physically or psychologically. Great emphasis was placed on the shortness of life and the torments of hell. Like the Protestants of the Reformation, who established vernacular elementary schools in Germany in the 16th century, the Puritans sought to ma ke education universal. They took the first steps toward government-supported universal education in the colonies. In 1647, Puritan Massachusetts passed a law requiring that every child be taught to read. It being the chief object of that old deluder, Satan, to keep men from the knowledge of the scriptures,it is therefore ordered, that every townshipafter the Lord hath increased them to the number of fifty householders,shallappoint one within their town to teach all children as shall resort him to read and write. It is further ordered, that where any town shall increase to the number of one hundred familiesthey shall set up a grammar school, the master thereof being able to instruct youth so far as they may be fitted for the university. Old Deluder Satan Act.Massachusetts Laws of 1647(Pulliam, Van Patten 51)Puritan or not, virtually all of the of the colonial schools had a clear-cut moral purposes. Skills and knowledge were considered important to the degree that they served religio us ends and trained the mind(Gutmann 180). Early schools supplied the students with moral lessons, not just reading, writing and arithmetic. Obviously, the founders saw it necessary to apply these techniques, feeling that in was necessary that the students learn these particular values. As the spirit of science, commercialism, secularism, and individualism quickened in the Western world, education in the colonies was called upon to satisfy the practical needs of seamen, merchants, artisans, and frontiersmen. The effect of these new developments on the curriculum in American schools was more immediate and widespread than its effect in European schools. Practical content was soon in competition with religious concerns. Vocational education was more significant in the Middle colonies than elsewhere in colonial America. The academy that Benjamin Franklin helped found in 1751 was the first of a growing number of secondary schools that sprang up in competition with the Latin schools. Fran klins academy continued to offer the humanist-religious curriculum, but it also brought education closer to the needs of everyday life. Teaching such courses as history, geography, merchant accounts, geometry, algebra. These subjects were more practical, seeing as how industry and business were driving forces in the creation of the United States, while religious classes could not support a family or pay the debts. By the 1880s the United States was absorbing several million immigrants a year, a human flood that created new problems for the common school. The question confronting educators was what to teach to educate and prepare them for the work force. Religion was still an important part of their lives but with so varied a population it was impossible to teach any one and families kept their members involved in the church and children learned about religion through Sunday school and by being active in church social gatherings. Hydrocephalus EssayPulliam John D., James Van Patten. History of Education in AmericaNew Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1999. Ravitch, Diane The Troubled Crusade: American EducationBasic Books: New York, 1983.

Ethics Organ retention in research Essay Example

Ethics: Organ retention in research Essay Introduction: In Norway may 2014, there was a dirt described foremost by one of the biggest newspaper in Norway VG, in the paper it was written that the Forensic Institute in Norway ( now under folkehelseinstitutet ) has consistently taken out parts of the encephalon, bosom and other variety meats from 700 dead kids organic structures for research. This happened without the consent of parents or relations. The stuffs of the dead kids are stored in a research bank called SIDS biobank. The pattern has been traveling on for 30 old ages. Documentation VG ( newspaper ) has obtained shows that the pattern at the largest forensic section has been running since 1984, when SIDS epidemic raged in the state. The purpose of the research was to work out SIDS conundrum. We will write a custom essay sample on Ethics: Organ retention in research specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Ethics: Organ retention in research specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Ethics: Organ retention in research specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The kids that have been researched on died out of the blue when they were between nothing and three old ages old. The description of the research shows that scientists thought it would be excessively nerve-racking for the households to be asked for consent. Fractionated variety meats and samples from the organic structures of the dead kids form the footing for a assortment of research undertakings. Brains and Black Marias of the kids have been removed from their organic structures, and become fixated. From encephalon it is taken out 10 to 15 spots. These has been divided into approximately 2.5 centimeters long and 2 millimeter midst pieces and stored for research intent. It has besides been taken extended sums of tissue samples from the lungs, kidneys, liver and other variety meats from the legal autopsied kids. [ 1 ] Forensic probes of immature kids who die out of the blue is performed at the state s largest infirmaries, but It s merely FHI who have stored big sums of stuff from the dead for research over clip. Because the decease was unexpected, the constabulary and prosecuting officers requested an necropsy. In connexion with it has forensic relinquished kid s organic structure to relatives without encephalons, and some instances bosom and other variety meats and replaced the losing stuff with Si for burial. While hospital necropsies are purely regulated, they conduct research for right necropsies without clear statute law. [ 2 ] Facts: The medical tester at the NIPH necropsy yearly around 20-25 of the about 40 kids from 0 to 3 old ages who are forensic necropsy in Norway. Most of the kids have died all of a sudden and out of the blue. When kids die all of a sudden and out of the blue, the constabulary must be notified. As portion of the probe hunger constabulary forensic necropsy, which is important in order to find cause of decease. It s the constabulary who decide whether it will be implemented forensic necropsy, and this is non something parents can make up ones mind. Most parents besides want to cognize for themself what the kid died of. There has been a crisp decrease in the figure of SIDS instances in Norway from the 1980s. The incidence averaged 1.9 per 1,000 unrecorded births from 1986 to 1990, and fell to 0.4 in period 1996-2000. [ 3 ] In this paper I will take for me the ethical and legal quandary this instance convey Forth. If the actions of the forensic research workers in this instance justifiable, both morally and lawfully? What would hold been the effects of traveling by the book , go forthing either acquiring consent or non utilizing the remains at all? And at the terminal discuss how this instance differs from Alder hey dirt which was a similar instance in UK. Research, cognition and moralss: It is a known fact that scientific discipline would non hold developed about every bit rapidly if it wasn’t for how bounds are sometimes dead set to ease the research. Leonardo Da Vinci did sculpt robbery to analyze anatomy, which was against the church and hence the jurisprudence. [ 4 ] In ancient India, medical specialty had developed far compared to many other topographic points in the universe, but their anatomical cognition was impaired, due to Torahs against research on the dead. Had scientists done what Da Vinci did, it might hold been a different instance in ancient India. Research on human tissue is necessary to better our cognition of the cause of disease and decease, but the professional has to run within cultural and moral boundaries of the people. The boundaries of what is ethically acceptable research, does non look as coloured lines on maps, they must be subscribed in each instance based on an appraisal of current cognition and norms. Ethical considerations are merely evaluations, and we must accept that. Ethically justifiable Imagine the state of affairs of the parents for the minute. Their child merely died unexpected. Something incredible has happened. They can hardly penetrate that their kid is gone, nor do they desire to believe about or be after a funeral. Then, a medical personal asks to cut and utilize parts of the child’s organic structure. This is intelligibly difficult to even reply for the parents. Is is so ethical to inquire the parents/next of family at this point to compose a consent to utilize tissue from their dead babe to be researched on? Although one might at least in earlier times wanted to protect parents from holding to take portion in determinations like that, i think that at least in recent old ages has proven that merely being able to be involved in taking such a determination, merely being able to be with and assist research to go on, merely so we can take stairss frontward so that others might non see the calamity that parents who have lost a kid, really experiencing in t his state of affairs, that you really want to take part and lend to that others do non see it yes, it is merely this intersection between what we want to cognize, and what we need to cognize, really of import. This is an issue which has spiked heated statements, due to its arguable moral, empathetic and legal quandary. Experience from conversations with parents who have lost a kid and where the kid has been necropsies show that they want to acquire every bit much information about the cause of deformity / decease if possible. The necropsy of the kid will assist with function of the cause of decease. Many of the parents are besides believing that the consequences of the scrutinies will make other parents good, and that the consequences of the necropsy, if possible should be used to forestall deceases. [ 5 ] So if we were to insulate the job from the state of affairs, and the parents were asked if the remains could be used for science/ organ contribution would be something they would be all right with, what would be the reply? And what if the kid would hold grown up, how probably would it be that he/she would be all right with organ contribution? A survey in U.K showed 90 % of people were all right with donating their variety meats, although manner fewer really acquire around to making it. [ 6 ] Therefore, one might state that it is likely the kid would hold agreed, had he/she grown up. And as a wellness attention professional, our chief responsibility is non to the family/friends of the patient, it is to the patient, the diseased. Rough as it might look, one might warrant traveling against the want of the household, for the want of the patient. Theoretically of class, I n pattern, this statement would be slaughtered. It is known fact that in Norway most of the people do state yes research intents besides in the instance of utilizing human tissue after necropsy of SIDS kids. When the parents were asked about this they were willing to accept every bit long as they are asked and informed. [ 7 ] An issue here is how people of some faiths believe that the organic structure will necessitate to be buried whole, if non the psyche can non offend to the following universe. [ 8 ] Everyone is entitled to their ain beliefs, and when no consent is asked for, these rules and beliefs are overlooked and ignored. The demand for informed consent is that the demand for ethical reappraisal, a inquiry of trust. The research workers must demo that they are trusty. Everyone must experience confident that the research is non go oning behind their dorsums. So what about the practical side? Is this ever executable? What about stuff from the deceased? We risk that such rigorous demands lead to of import research becomes impossible? What differentiation between research and quality confidence? And how good you have to inform that the consent must be informed? Basically one must supply adequate information for the parents/next of family is able to do a existent pick Laws in Norway In Norway there are two types of legal necropsy: Autopsies at the infirmary when the go toing physician requesting that it should done an necropsy. The necropsy is so performed by a physician at the section of Pathology. Patients and their following of family may decline to ( infirmary ) necropsy. When the constabulary ask for forensic necropsy. Parents/next of kin should if possible be notified of the decease and told that it will be performed autopsy. Relatives can’t decline a ( forensic ) necropsy. This applies to alleged unnatural deceases. This includes, among other deceases where the cause of decease is unknown and decease has occurred all of a sudden and out of the blue, whether this is at place or in infirmary. This besides applies to decease in terrible ill kids where the decease is unexpected. In instance of decease by accident and where suspected abuse normally forensic necropsy is done. If there is intuition of mistake, carelessness or accident by scrutiny and intervention of unwellness or hurt will besides by and large do a forensic necropsy. [ 9 ] Research associated with forensic necropsies is non covered in jurisprudence as distinguishable from hospital necropsies. it non needed a parental consent. Does that intend that it is illegal? . In this instance we have to retrieve that the autopsy’s was legal, but instead the keeping of tissue for research intent does non hold any legal ordinances. About information to relatives sing research on stuff taken out by forensic necropsies on kids. Research on human biological stuff from deceased is governed by the Health Research Act  § 21, which states that the commissariats of the Act and its organ transplant ordinances apply. In ordinances on necropsy  § 5 2nd paragraph it says that the following of family of the deceased should be informed that they have the right to choose out research on stuff removed at necropsy. It farther provinces of Regulations  § 6, 2nd paragraph that it tapped biological stuff can non be used for research if the following of families have reserved against this. The Health Research Act  § 21 refers to the reserve policies in transplant jurisprudence and ordinances after organ transplant jurisprudence. Therefore, non necessary consent before the stuff is removed from the asleep and used for research. It is sufficient that the relations be allowed to choose out. They households should be informed that they have the right to choose out, and biological stuff can non be used for research if the relations have expressed that they do non desire this. This besides applies to research related to forensic necropsy of kids. Research on biological stuff collected by forensic necropsy of kids will this will be covered by the Health Research Act  § 21 and related Torahs and ordinances. This means that dependants are entitled to information about the ability to choose out research on stuff from their asleep kids. [ 10 ] Harmonizing to Act 21 it is clearly stated that that the households should be informed, and has the right to choose out, the job with this clause is that there is no reference of the Medical Director is committed in progress to inform patients and / or relatives about this refusal right. This is unfortunate, since it leaves room for this sort of disclaimer like professor Torleiv Ole Rognum brought in connexion with the inquiry of why the section does non inform the relations about what happens during an necropsy and what happens to the organic structures? We are non concealing anything. There is prepared an information binder that contains all such information. But the relations do non acquire this booklet or information if they do non inquire for it. [ 11 ] How does this instance differ from Alder Hey instance? : In 1999 it emerged that assorted whole variety meats, including Black Marias and encephalons, had been removed at autopsy from kids at Alder Hey Hospital in Liverpool without the cognition and consent of parents. Parents buried their kids without cognizing that many had been systematically stripped of their variety meats. [ 12 ] A important difference between the two instances is that the Alder Hey narrative, as the intelligence came out, were viewed as a complete dirt. Media decided to swing it wholly in the way of how this was a monstrous thing that the physicians had done. It was blown up to proportions which caused tonss of parents to name the infirmaries to acquire information on station mortems and what had happened, which are in no manner suited for non-healthcare professionals. [ 13 ] The ripple effects of the media narrative caused an unneeded nicety, with small or no positive benefit. The full affair could hold been dealt with wholly juridical, where the voices of the parents would be heard, and the infirmary could be able to reply it decently. After all, this is, as the Norse instance, a genuinely hard affair, giving birth to several different quandary, as we have already talked about. If the intelligence would hold come out during such a test, instead than exposing it to the universe before all t he facts were on the tabular array, this would hold been much easier and solved better than it was. The contrast to the Norse instance, is that media was brought in at a much slower gait. The media coverage was mostly during the tests, documenting the accounts that were given to the tribunal. Unfortunately, VG , the Norse newspaper is besides non impartial and chose the side of the parents, as in the Alder Hey instance. The job with such a black and white attack, is that the full medical society is forced to, officially, agree with the public position. Those who chose to endorse the tabu research pattern, hazard to be alienated from the medical research community and society. This goes for all instances where media put such a bad cast, on one sentiment, and a good for the other. But in this instance the disaffection is even more terrible, since the Norse Forensic Institute, is a much smaller society than out public society. Decision: Research on tissue samples taken at forensic necropsies is non regulated in the same manner as during infirmary necropsies. All research undertakings have received the necessary licenses from the Regional Ethics Committee ( REC ) , which has besides given an freedom for demand of parental consent for research. REK is the variety meats that is at that place to implement the Health Research Act and is those who have the concluding word in such affairs. The stuff under probe has been gathered over a period of 30 old ages. It is of import to set this in a historical context. In the 80s when SIDS raged epidemic and both parents, wellness professionals and research workers urgently wanted to happen out what the cause and what could be done to forestall new SIDS instance. At that it was the parents who collected money for the research intent. The legislative footing for research and consent was besides wholly different in this clip. It was non required for parental consent for research, whe ther in hospital necropsies or forensic necropsies. The legislative footing has since changed. Based on the information in the instance, the relations were non routinely informed about the extra extraction of stuff for research in connexion with forensic necropsies. All relations are non given the chance to choose out of research stuff. In add-on there has been a loophole in the jurisprudence modulating consent. The loophole is that there is no clear guidelines on whose duty is it to give the information to the parents/relatives. This is contrary to Regulations on necropsy  §Ã‚ § 5 and 6, ref. the Health Research Act  § 21. So in this instance the keeping of tissue without informing the parents/ relatives about the chance to reserve from such research is illegal, Norway in 2014 made new ordinances to cover up the loophole in the jurisprudence, and now under the graft and organ contribution jurisprudence it is covered with that consent is needed to make research, even after forensic autopsy’s. Refrences: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.vg.no/nyheter/innenriks/forskningsavsloeringen/forsket-uten-samtykke-i-30-aar/a/10123917/ hypertext transfer protocol: //www.vg.no/nyheter/innenriks/forskningsavsloeringen/jurister-hevder-rettsmedisinernes-innsamling-er-ulovlig/a/10124217/ www.ssb.no hypertext transfer protocol: //www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/tbacig/studproj/h1005/leof00/ hypertext transfer protocol: //lub.no/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/obduksjon-av-fostre-og-barn-informasjon-til-foreldre.pdf hypertext transfer protocol: //cambridgeglobalist.org/2014/11/02/organ-donation-questions/ hypertext transfer protocol: //www.aftenposten.no/meninger/kronikker/Nar-doden-tjener-livet-7586102.html hypertext transfer protocol: //www.medscape.com/viewarticle/741267_6 hypertext transfer protocol: //lub.no/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Informasjonsskriv-til-helsepersoenll-obduksjon.pdf hypertext transfer protocol: //lovdata.no/dokument/NL/lov/2008-06-20-44 # KAPITTEL_2 hypertext transfer protocol: //www.vg.no/nyheter/innenriks/har-endret-prosedyrene/a/4916127/ hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1119560/ hypertext transfer protocol: //www.theguardian.com/uk/alderhey hypertext transfer protocol: //adc.bmj.com/content/84/6/455.full hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/1136723.stm hypertext transfer protocol: //jme.bmj.com/content/30/5/463.full hypertext transfer protocol: //www2.essex.ac.uk/clc/hi/childright/article/004.htm hypertext transfer protocol: //www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/250914/0012_i.pdf hypertext transfer protocol: //adc.bmj.com/content/84/6/455.full hypertext transfer protocol: //www.vg.no/nyheter/meninger/forskningsavsloeringen/debatt-forskning-er-ikke-etterforskning/a/23241956/

Discover the History of the Redstone Rockets

Discover the History of the Redstone Rockets The Birthplace of NASAs Rockets Spaceflight and space exploration would be impossible without rocket technology. Although rockets have been around since the first fireworks invented by the Chinese, it wasnt until the 20th century that they were fashioned specifically to send people and materials to space. Today, they exist in a variety of sizes and weights and are used to send people and supplies to the International Space Station and deliver satellites to orbit. In the history of spaceflight in the United States, the Redstone Arsenal in Huntsville, Alabama has played a huge role in developing, testing, and delivering the rockets NASA needed for its major missions.The Redstone rockets were the first step to space in the 1950s and 1960s. Meet the Redstone Rockets The Redstone rockets were developed by a group of rocketry specialists and scientists working with Dr. Wernher von Braun and other German scientists at the Redstone Arsenal. They arrived at the end of World War II and had been active in developing rockets for the Germans during the war. The Redstones were the direct descendants of the German V-2 rocket  and provided a high-accuracy, liquid-propelled, surface-to-surface missile designed to counter Soviet Cold War and other threats throughout the postwar  years and the early years of the Space Age. They also provided a perfect avenue to space. Redstone to Space A modified Redstone was used to launch Explorer 1 to space - the first U.S. artificial satellite to go into orbit. That occurred on  January 31, 1958, using a four-stage Jupiter-C model.  A Redstone rocket also launched the Mercury capsules on their sub-orbital flights in 1961, inaugurating Americas human spaceflight program. Inside the Redstone The Redstone had a liquid-fueled engine that burned alcohol and liquid oxygen to produce about 75,000 pounds (333,617 newtons) of thrust. It was nearly 70 feet (21 meters) long and slightly under 6 feet (1.8 meters) in diameter. At burnout, or when the propellant was exhausted, it had a speed of 3,800 miles per hour (6,116 kilometers per hour). For guidance, the Redstone used an all-inertial system featuring a gyroscopically stabilized platform, computers, a programmed flight path taped into the rocket before launch, and the activation of the steering mechanism by signals in flight. For control during powered ascent, the Redstone depended on tail fins that had movable rudders,  as well as refractory carbon vanes mounted in the rocket exhaust. The first Redstone missile was launched from the militarys missile range at Cape Canaveral, Florida on August 20, 1953. Though it traveled only 8,000 yards (7,315 meters), it was considered a success and 36 more models were launched through 1958, when it was put into U.S. Army service in Germany. More about the Redstone Arsenal The Redstone Arsenal, for which the rockets are named, is a long-standing Army post. It currently hosts a number of Defense Department operations. It was originally a chemical weapons arsenal used during World War II. After the war, as the U.S. was liberating Europe and bringing back both V-2 rockets and rocket scientists from Germany, Redstone became a building and testing ground for various families of rockets, including the Redstone  and the Saturn rockets. As NASA was formed and built out its bases around the country, Redstone Arsenal was where rockets used to send satellites and people to space were designed and built into the 1960s.   Today, Redstone Arsenal maintains its importance as a rocket research and development center. Its still being used for rocket work, largely for Department of Defense use. It also hosts the NASA Marshall Space Flight Center. On its outskirts, the U.S. Space Camp operates year-round, giving children and adults a chance to explore the history and technology of space flight. Revised and expanded by Carolyn Collins Petersen.

How does adenosine diphosphate (ADP) activate platelets Essay

How does adenosine diphosphate (ADP) activate platelets - Essay Example ADP induces platelet shape change, calcium flux, and inhibition of adenylyl cyclase, leading to aggregation. Kahner et al. (2006) also stated that rapid shape change, release of granular contents, generation of lipid mediators, and aggregation occur during platelet activation. Various surface receptors involved in platelet activation include G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), integrins and glycoprotein receptors. Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) (released from platelet granules) and thromboxane A2 (generated within platelets) are the secondary mediators that activate other resting platelets, resulting in the amplification of initial physiological haemostatic response. Adenosine nucleotides are released following platelet activation signal through the P2 purinergic receptors on the platelet membrane. The two types of P2 receptors are ligand-gated cation channels (P2X), or GPCRs (P2Y). Till date, seven different P2X receptors (P2X1)) and eight distinct P2Y receptors (P2Y1,2,4,6,11-14) hav e been identified which were cloned from mammalian tissues. P2Y1, P2Y12, andP2X1 subtypes are the P2 purinergic receptors expressed on platelets and their physiologic agonists are ADP, ADP, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), respectively. These receptors, when activated by the agonists, initiate a complex signaling cascade that ultimately results in platelet activation and thrombus formation. The physiological agonist for the P2Y1 receptor is ADP. This receptor can also be stimulated in vitro by 2MeSADP, ADP, APDaS and ADPbS in the decreasing order of potency and is involved platelet shape change and aggregation brought about by ADP. P2Y12 is coupled to Gi2 protein. Upon stimulation, the Ga and Gbc subunits of the heterotrimeric G protein dissociate and activate various signaling pathways. The Gai2 is found to be responsible for ADP-mediated inhibition of adenylyl cyclase and subsequent reduction in cytosolic cAMP concentrations. This is one

Defination Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Defination - Coursework Example Fairness implies an unwavering and unbiased abidance by the rules set to punish crimes committed. A case where a person slaps another without a reason is a typical situation where the applicability of term ‘justice’ is apparent. Rules may forbid hitting the person back for justice; though, it would be the ultimate equal punishment for that offense. In other words, justice is simply â€Å"an eye for an eye† price for the crime. Similarly, some individuals may distinguish justice as something deserved and morally correct. However, morals often relate to religious values, which have considerably changed currently. Accordingly, the definitions of the words ‘morally right’ and ‘deserved’ in relation to punishment are distinctively different. Thus, the two terms simply distort what justice constitutes. Murder cases also bring out the true meaning of justice. The murderer should suffer a similar fate to the deceased: a ‘tit-for-tat,’ as someone would put it. The action is neither morally right nor deserved since there are no accurate definitions for morally correct or deserved. Nevertheless, it is an equal punishment for the crime and alerts the public of the penalty they would endure as a justice if they engage in crime. Notably, the following qualities form the basis of justice: fairness, restoration, and retribution. Therefore, people should see justice as an equal penalty for committed crimes. Most judicial systems emphasize fair, deserved, and morally correct judgments. Nonetheless, these terms lack a universal definition and could result in inappropriate punishments. What one judge considers as a morally correct verdict may be immoral in the view of another judge. Lastly, adjudicators ought to make equal decisions to cases rather than considering whether a punishment is fair or

A supervisory report on a half day study session of Hypno-birthing Essay

A supervisory report on a half day study session of Hypno-birthing - Essay Example This opportunity was then transformed into a structured project that was to organise a study session for midwives on the subject. Background / context The advent of choice agenda has seen women chose hypnobirthing as a method for pain relief. Hypnobirthing is the process of hypnosis during birth as a way of managing pain and remaining calm during labour. Research on the subject has shown that babies can be delivered without drugs safely and that couples today can look forward to a beautiful, calm and serene birthing experience, where mother, baby and birthing companion combine in joyful bonding. Hypnobirthing is said to enable women to have a positive, calm more comfortable experience of childbirth. This trend is raising and it can be asserted that health professional may have less knowledge about this rising trend. The maternity services need midwives who can respond flexibly within an environment focused on women - centred care (Thomas, 2008). However, research on hypnosis and its use intrapartum is scanty. A quest in about 8 Trusts to find out if they had a guideline yielded to not. The NMC and RCM websites were searched for any position statements on the subject nil was found. A Cochrane library search (February 2011), MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL realised only 1 research whose results was as follows; women taught self-hypnosis had decreased requirements for pharmacological analgesia (RR 0.53, 95% CI 0.36 to 0.79, five trials 749 women) including epidural analgesia (RR 0.30, 95% CI 0.22 to 0.40. Acupuncture and hypnosis may be beneficial for the management of pain during labour; however, the number of women studied has been small. The Trust system does not monitor the use of hypnosis as pain relief despite women using it however, acupuncture is monitored. Recently the daily telegraph (2011), reported that the National Health Service (NHS) launched an 18-month study of ‘‘hypnobirthing’’ to try to cut the use of epidurals and other pai nkillers during childbirth – six out of 10 mothers in some hospitals rely on expensive drugs and this has resurrected an old debate. Is intense pain unavoidable, or is it triggered by fear and tension? Multicentre pragmatic exploratory non-blinded randomised controlled trial (SHIP trail), at Central Lancashire University and involving more than 800 women will investigate self-hypnosis techniques for intrapartum pain management which induces a deep sense of relaxation. Interestingly, to note is the fact that NHS despite the financial difficulties it is facing (Kings Fund) is committed to the choice agenda, hypnobirthing could be one of the answers to save the NHS and to improve the lives of women and babies. According to Salvage, Health services in the UK are facing major challenges in a context of drastic public funding. Salvage (2011) wonders how the choice agenda be upheld in this turbulent times. Hypnobirthing could be an answer in reduction of intervention like use of epi dural, reduction in caesareans sections and increase in normal birth. Hence the need to understand this model as well as having agreed pathways of how it is to be managed. There is a choice: SoMs and midwives could be passive or to try to lead and influence change. Our accountability as well as our contribution as midwives is to

The Reflection Of Reading And Writing Experiences English Literature Essay

The Reflection Of Reading And Writing Experiences English Literature Essay On the first day of my Freshman high school English, I entered the classroom with an extremely self-assured, even intermediate, sort of feeling. I signed in late and tiptoed to the last seat in the classroom, comfortably supporting my feet on the seat in front of me. Every year, English has been my worst subject and I failed at it. I had to work hard for every grade I earned in that class and thus far proved to be a real challenge in my mind. Every time I complete an assignment, I procrastinated and eventually end up writing ten page essays the night before or the day of and still would average an A- on all of them. This was definitely the worst thing I could do to improve my Reading and Writing, since I felt no confidence or remorse towards my actions. I would stay up late or wake up 2 hours in the morning, just to finish a paper that I loathed writing. This bad nature of staying up to finish a paper led me to believe that I was untouchable, when it came to writing that is. This asp ersion led me to ask the question, what is there that I dont already know? I thought I was an english god. Too bad I was in for a major eye-opener. One big problems that I found constant throughout all my writing pieces and projects was the difficulty answering the why is it important? question. When I wrote something, I knew exactly what my thoughts and ideas meant, but the problem was, I assumed that my audience did too. I also never clarified the common knowledge that I would find by researching. I would increasingly display vague information and would assume that my audience felt the same kind of sympathy towards say, my memoir, as I did. This problem still progresses in all of writings to this day, but its not in the worst phase it could possibly be in. As I had started my freshmen year in high school, my writing was unreadable because it had no intentions, no moral. I would finish the paper just to get the A I need, and nothing more. But all that has changed as I progressed through my junior and senior years. Besides my slight writing deformities, I have accomplished many pieces that has made me content of my writing. Such as my excellent introductions, that not only catch the readers attention, but also to get them hooked into reading my entire pieces. In all my pieces, the introduction, for me, is the most important part, so I make it very descriptive and inspiring. They force the audience into a phase of wonder, and make them research about a certain topic even after theyve reviewed my paper. I love to put big words and complex looking sentences, just to make my audience happy, excited, and even in disbelief right from the start. If it wasnt for the constant peer reviews and teacher conferences during my junior and senior year, I would have had never been made aware of my strengths and weaknesses. At first, I hated peer reviews. I felt like it was a waste of my time and effort. But soon after I got the gist of the whole thing, my essays always came back with a Good job! or a smiley face, demonstrating my writing accomplishments. Peer reviews helped me see what I can improve on and where exactly I make my paper sound awkward or just plain weird. After all the experience, I like to say, peer reviews, thanks for everything. When it comes to Reading, my journey just takes a new route every single year. Even when I entered high school, I wasnt much of a readerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦nope, not even one book that I would actually want to read during my pastime. I felt so jaded from any kinds of reading materials, whether it was a book, a magazines, or even the Sunday comics. I felt very detached because most of my years I spent watching TV was when I shouldve picked up a book and plowed through it, if not even the first page. Even summer reading! I was never motivated to read those lame pieces of writing because they were a waste of my time (as I thought). Peer pressure on books, like Harry Potter, never seemed to induce me into reading either. At this point I had no idea what my future would be like without reading. But just as I had lost hope, just as I was about to stop, I gained moral reason through a system I like to called read and reward. For every book I read, I was awarded with a little extra credit or a pi ece of a snicker bar (sophomore year). I felt as if I was in a contest, and the rewards were sweet! As a result, I started reading more and more books, especially during my junior year. Such as, Of mice and men, The Great Gatsby, and little excerpts from Moby Dick. I may not have loved all of them, but at least I felt like I earned the grade I received through hard work (through actual reading). From that point on, I started to read and most importantly, began to feel more confident. With every page I read, I would clinch my dictionary in one hand and would sit there, reading and searching for an elongated word that I could add to knowledge. That for me was like playing a video game; turn the page (press the buttons) and search (look for a win). Now I felt like I was spending my time in the best way possible. Not just improving my reading skills, but also fitting into the society today. As I progress throughout my senior year in high school, I will always remember the strategies I have learned and taken from previous years. Reading and Writing may not be my best subjects, but so far they have been my best improvements. Im proud to say that now I have truly accelerated in my Reading and Writing career and will further due so.

Perversion of Society :: essays research papers

Perversion of Society   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In today’s society a person is shaped by family, friends, and past events, but in Aldous Huxley’s classic novel, Brave New World, there is no such thing as family, history and â€Å"true† friends. The government controls every aspect of an individual from their creation in the hatcheries to their conditioning for their thoughts and careers. In this brave new world the ideas of stability and community reign supreme, and the concept of individualism is foreign and suppressed, â€Å"Everyone belongs to everyone else, after all,† (47). Huxley perverses contemporary morals and concepts in Brave New World, thus distorting the ideas of materialistic pleasures, savagery versus society, and human relationships. These distortions contribute to the effectiveness of Brave New World, consequently creating a novel that leaves the reader questioning how and why.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the year A.F. 632 no pleasure is denied to the populous. Hypnopaedia is used as a device to form the moral education of children. What is taught through this method is not true ethics, but warped actions trained by words. An illustration of this is in the teaching of Elementary Sex to children. The society that Huxley created was one where having sex often and with many people was a positive course of action. Anyone who did not have multiple partners, such as Lenina or Bernard, were considered a blight to society. Society as a whole uses the act of having sex as relief from pain and emotions. A person does not have to lust for someone they merely set up a time and place for them to meet and have sex, and it is completely accepted by everyone. When sex is not enough to relieve a person from pain or loneliness they take soma, a drug that stimulates them into happiness. Unlike the drugs of present day there is no set backs from taking soma, no headaches after use, and after all â€Å"One cubic centimetre cure ten gloomy,† (60). Finally, there is the concept of feelies, movies that you can feel what the actors are doing. These feelies are nothing more than glamorized porn movies giving the participants quick orgasmic feelings without effort. All these materialistic pleasures are used to substitute an individuals basic emotional needs and to give them a false sense of happiness. Huxley used this warped view on what today’s society deems morally right and wrong to reveal how shallow the citizens of the brave new world truly are.

“Futility” by Wilfred Owen Essay

The poem titled â€Å"Futility† meaning uselessness or pointlessness. Owen is trying to say this war is the pointless war. The soldiers are useless that they’re dead. No matter how much the soldier work, it doesn’t worth it. The poem is written in fourteen lines and divided into two verses. The two verses are contrast each other. The first verse’s atmosphere is quite, soft, tender and peaceful and the second verse’s atmosphere sounds more desperate, frustrate, ridiculous and demanding for something to happen. In the first verse, three verbs that describe the action of the Sun, move, gently, and touch are quite soft and tender. These verbs describe that the sun move softly, gently and touch the soldier to wake him up. The sun here means the sun that shines everyday to wake the man and at the same time it may symbolize religious. The sun that used to wake him up and care for him. It’s metaphor that the sun moves the man into the light. The third line of verse one, it mentioned that the soldier was once a farmer. The word whispering is onomatopoeia meaning the sun is whispering to the man about the memories the man used to have on the farm. It’s a soft and tender plus pleading together. â€Å"Unsown† means that the field has not seeded but yet the sun is shining now to tell the man that it’s the beginning of the planting season now. In other meaning, the word unsown is metaphor that the soldier is still too young for them to join the war, as they haven’t start their adult life yet. The fourth and fifth lines, ‘Always it awoke him, even in France, until this morning and this snow.’ The sun symbolizes the warmth of life and the snow symbolizes the coldness of death. The sun always arouses him everywhere even he’s in France but this morning is different because snow has partially block the man so the man wasn’t able to wake up. The word morning has two different meaning. One is the everyday morning, which is the beginning of the day and the second meaning referring to the word mourning. Owen is mourning for the man who has die. The last two line of the last two line, Owen is pleading to god, please please if anything can rouse him now please do it and in this case only god who can do it. Only the old sun that used to be very kind can wake him up now. The sun here is personified by referring the sun as old and kind. Through the whole verse Owen create the sound by using assonance of the repetition of â€Å"ow† sound in woke, unsown, snow, rouse, now and know. Owen used an imperative verb, think, at the beginning of the second verse. It’s order the reader to think and at the same time Owen also make it sound more desperate. He is desperate to think on how the sun will wake the seeds. The seeds here give the image of growth and nature and it symbolized the beginning of life. He is desperate to ask how god wakes the soldier that is already died on the ground. The third line of the second verse mention the word â€Å"limbs†, it has two meaning. First a limb is a branch of a tree, which fit in with the nature. Second meaning means the pair of legs, arms and wings. Owen means that god create these nature and mankind. The line after this said â€Å"full-nerved, –still warm, — too hard to stir?† Owen means that he still don’t understand how the sun gives life to seeds, but not the warmness to these soldier. The fifth line â€Å"Was it for this the clay grew tall?† this refer to the war. Clay is mud and mud comes from Earth. The clay grew tall; in this case the clay symbolized man. In this line Owen was asked what was this war for? Do we do all this to kill? Is this why we put him on this Earth? So what is the point of life? The last two lines â€Å"—O what made fatuous sunbeams toil to break Earth’s sleep at all?† Owen ask this question starting with what made, he means what is the point of sending these men these men to the war and died there? It’s seems so silly that the sun create life for these him and then let them died with regret. The first verse focuses upon a dead soldier and second verse asked why the sun is shining at all. Why there is life when there is such a suffering, Owen is trying to say if the sun can wake up life on Earth but why can’t it wake up his soldier because what he thinks is that if anything could make the soldier it must be the sun.

Lack of Treatment Is One Reason Your Social Security Disability Claim May Be Denied

Lack of Treatment Is One Reason Your Social Security Disability Claim May Be Denied Lack of Treatment Is One Reason Your Social Security Disability Claim May Be Denied Applying for Social Security Disability benefits is a long, confusing and stressful process. In fact, research shows that 70% of all claimants who file for disability benefits are initially denied. But if this happens to you, do not give up. Contact an experienced disability attorney for help in applying for disability, or appealing a denial. Even people who deserve disability benefits often have to fight before those benefits are granted. In fact, thousands of people who were once denied are now receiving their disability benefits after allowing Disability Attorneys of Michigan to help.There are a number of factors that could cause your claim for disability benefits to be denied. Below is one reason†¦Lack of Medical Treatment is the #1 reason why SSD claims are denied.If a claimant is not seeking regular medical treatment for their physical or mental impairment, the lack of medical records to support their claim can result in their claim being denied. Making sure that you recei ve continued medical treatment from licensed medical providers is essential in any Social Security Disability claim.Many ask the question, â€Å"What if I can’t afford to seek medical attention?†If you are unable to afford the medical treatment you need, look into applying for Medicaid and/or research the Affordable Care Act. Don’t hesitate to contact an experienced Social Security Disability attorney at Disability Attorneys of Michigan for help and guidance. We’re always here to answer any questions that you may have regarding disability benefits.The Disability Attorneys of Michigan work hard every day helping the disabled of Michigan obtain the disability benefits they deserve. If you are unable to work due to a physical or mental impairment call Disability Attorneys of Michigan now for a free consultation at 800-949-2900.And if you have applied for disability benefits in Michigan and have been denied, call us for help.Let Michigan’s leading Soci al Security Disability law firm help you get the benefits you  deserve.Disability Attorneys of Michigan.  Compassionate Excellence. Affordable Care Act, DA Michigan, Denied Claim, Disability Attorneys of Michigan, lack of treatment, Social Security Disability, social security disability attorneys, SSD Claim

Imagine What essays

Imagine What essays John Lennon's "Imagine" is one of the most inspirational songs of all time. It always made people think about the words of his song. Some questions rise, such as how would the world be if there was no violence, religion, or countries bound by boundaries? The song came at a time when there was alot of protest. Lennon was always one to think of peace and harmony and the basics of life. When Lennon writes,"Imagine all the people living life in peace"(11- 12), he means that he wonders what the world would be like, if everyone were equal. There was no rich or poor, if there was no hunger,everyone just sharing what they had and no jealousy. Every country would have the same equalities and there would be no third world countries. That's what the song "Imagine" describes, an a utopian state. The message was communicated through music by an artist who was one of the greatest songwriters of all time. John Lennon and his wife, Yoko Ono, were twoof the biggest advocates of world peace. The song questions if we could imagine what it would be like to live like that. "Imagine," is a song that will always make you stop and wonder what it would be like "Imagine." John Lennon. 16 October 2000. ...

British class and gender formation during the nineteenth century Essay

British class and gender formation during the nineteenth century - Essay Example With this underlying premise, it can be argued that the economic conditions during that time due to the Industrial revolution perpetrated the spread of a unique kind of class and gender consciousness. However, it must be noted that this in no way undermines the role and importance of other factors. This argument does not state that the only factor responsible for the changing class and gender consciousness in 19th century England is purely economic in nature. Rather, the economic condition during that period is the most important determinant in class and gender consciousness due to it being inescapable; and because it is inescapable, it became the ground from where the cultural approach—which basically states that English ideologies and rhetoric are more significant in the construction of class and gender identities—sprouted. What the economic condition did was that it aggravated other factors, such as language and rhetoric, and this prompted the â€Å"making of the En glish working class,†1 as well as the â€Å"sexual crisis.†2 This paper will show, through notable writings that aim to explain the Industrial Revolution and the resulting class and gender consciousness through the cultural approach, how the economic factors surrounding these explanations cannot be avoided. These are the evidences that this argument will use in proving the premise that the economic situation at that time is the most important factor as it is both ubiquitous and inescapable. Athough these readings use the cultural approach, they still could not help but highlight the underlying reason for these experiences and rhetoric—and that is, the economic condition of that time, whether in the provinces or cities, became the set that staged the changes in familial and societal relationships. In order to better understand the economic conditions of 19th century England, the Industrial Revolution must be discussed

Alternative high schools the path for the education of the future for Essay

Alternative high schools the path for the education of the future for youth to compete in a global economy - Essay Example A wide range of philosophies and teaching methods are offered by alternative schools. â€Å"The only true education comes through the stimulation of the students powers by the demands of the social situations in which he finds himself. Through these demands he is stimulated to conceive of himself from the standpoint of the welfare of the group to which he belongs.† John Dewey. Schools decided the way a student’s life works, the way their mind develops and ultimately the life choices they make. Ordinary public schools usually cram information into students heads and test-test-test! Alternative schooling ensures students grow a creative mind of their own, by letting them learn for themselves. The actual teachers give structure to their ideas, and encourage them to think constructively and gain true knowledge .Alternative schooling aims at preparing students for the practicalities of living and succeeding not just during school life but to participate in the global economy by providing them with necessary knowledge and skills. â€Å"High school was something I had to break out of, because all of it felt like chains that were keeping me down. And when I did, one day, break free, I felt liberated and ready to take on the world. Not because I had learned so much in high school, but because I no longer felt a restraint on my creativity.† this is a comment posted on the net by Faruk Ates a professional web developer .3 In conventional schools, areas of knowledge and particular skills fall into orderly categories, in life they merge together into a rich and intricate texture. Alternative schools may be defined as ‘an educational establishment with a curriculum and methods that are nontraditional.’ (Definition of alternative school) 1 .These schools have a special syllabus offering a more flexible curriculum of study than a conventional school. Such schools exist in various forms like Alternative Schools,

Leadership in Health Care Organizations Practicum Coursework - 6

Leadership in Health Care Organizations Practicum - Coursework Example She was and she still is excellent and a compassionate leader not only to me but to everybody working in and out of the unit. I am proud of my career today because the nurse manager welcomed me in the department with love and care. She ensured that I learnt different aspects of nursing slowly as I worked, dealing with both positive and negative issues at the workplace and gaining experience. She taught me how to handle my colleagues, the patients and managers at the hospital. She provided help not only as a professional but also as a mother because of the vast experience she had in nursing. She knew that an inexperienced and required help and leadership from a highly experienced nurse to ensure that I learn the necessary skill in nursing practice. She responded to this by taking the role of developing me professionally. According to servant leadership, provision is an important element for leaders in the sense that they are supposed to provide direction to their subordinates. This is important because it enables employees to understand what the leader and the organization expects of them (DelHousaye & Brewer, 2004). This is beneficial both to the employees and to the organization. To provide direction, the leader has to tailor the work to fit the abilities and needs of the employees. On the other hand, provision under the secular leadership, provision must be directed towards the leaders rather than the subordinates. Leaders must be given motivation to lead the subordinates as opposed to provision in secular leadership (Baxter, 2011). My leader provided me with direction when I needed it most. When I was employed at the unit, I was a new nurse with no experience and with a lack of confidence in my abilities. However, the leader tailored my work to fit into my abilities and the fact that I was inexperienced. For example, she gave me work that I could understand easily and gave me more complex responsibilities

John Stuart Mill And Liberalism Essay Example for Free

John Stuart Mill And Liberalism Essay John Stuart Mill (May 20, 1806, Pentonville, England – May 8, 1873, Avignon, France) was one of the greatest and most influential liberal thinkers of the XIX century and also a famous political economist and a Liberal Member of Parliament from 1865 to 1868 (Plank). As a prominent thinker, Mill introduced a new doctrine of liberty and can be considered as a first-rate liberal and a second-rate utilitarian (Reeves). John Stuart Mill (Source: httpwww. liberalinternational. orgeditorial. aspia_id=685) Conceived for the first time as a short essay in 1854, Mill’s famous and enormously influential book On Liberty that he published in 1859 is considered one of the founding philosophical works of classical liberalism and also one of the most fundamental texts on the concept of liberty. In the book which concerns social and civil liberty, the philosopher explores the nature of the power that society can legitimately exercise over individuals, and advocates their moral and economic freedom from the state (John Stuart Mill; John Stuart Mill: Political Philosopher). The most important point and basis for liberty made by Mill in his book is that â€Å"Over himself, over his own body and mind, the individual is sovereign†. Individuals exercise their sovereignty both through their judgment and actions. The main ideas that Mill explains in his On Liberty could be grouped into the following sections. 1. Mill opens his treatise by pointing out that the government is a â€Å"dangerous weapon† if it is not appropriately controlled and if its authority is not limited by the liberty of the citizens. In this way, Mill suggests, citizens will be ruled by a government whose rule is guaranteed against oppression and tyranny. However, at a given stage society develops into democracy â€Å"Page # 2† which does not fear tyranny any longer but where the majority can easily criminalize or marginalize a minority group of society and encroach on their rights or liberty. Mill calls it the â€Å"tyranny of the majority† and believes it is much worse than the tyranny of government because it is easier for individuals to be protected from a tyrant than â€Å"against the tyranny of the prevailing opinion and feeling†. He saw a danger of the old repression of despotic rulers being replaced by â€Å"despotism of custom†. Rules of conduct, thus, would be based on the majority opinion and there would be no protection in law against its tyranny (John Stuart Mill). He emphasizes that social tyranny is the greater danger than political tyranny for modern nations such as Britain (Heydt). As in Mill’s view the prevailing opinions within society are not necessarily the correct opinions on the one hand, and an individual has the right to choose whatever preference for his moral beliefs on the other hand, Mill concludes that this situation is wrong and unjust. In this case, individuals will be harmed, then their sovereignty over themselves will be impaired (John Stuart Mill). 2. Mill argues for a need of rational principle that would govern individuals within society, and thus introduces and explains his so-called harm principle which is supposed to regulate the limits of intervention in an individual’s actions. Individuals can act as they wish as long as their actions do not harm other individuals. Society should not intervene if the action affects only the individuals that undertake it even though these individuals are harming themselves. In Mill’s view, in a civilized community society has the right to legitimately exercise power over any individual against his will only in order to prevent harm to others. However, Mill distinguishes two categories of â€Å"harms†. If an individual fails to pay taxes, rescue another drowning individual, or appear in court to give evidence, then these acts (which he calls acts of omission) should be qualified as harmful and may be regulated. But if individuals give their consent to take risks without fraud or force, for example, by accepting unsafe employment offered by others, this is not considered as harming them (acts of commission). â€Å"Page # 3† In this case, society is not allowed to intervene except when individuals sell themselves into slavery (John Stuart Mill). 3. Children can’t take care of themselves and may instead harm themselves unintentionally. That is why, Mill explains, they do not have sovereignty over themselves, the harm principle can’t be applicable in this case and society is allowed to interfere with them against their will. Barbarians fall into this category, too. Mill states that barbarians can’t be sovereign over themselves and that despotism over them may be justified in cases when the end result is the improvement of their life. But as soon as they become more civilized and have the capability to decide for themselves, they must be given liberty from the government and its tyranny. Good examples of this, Mill illustrates, are Charlemagne and Akbar the Great who compassionately controlled and â€Å"helped† barbarian nations better manage their lives (John Stuart Mill). 4. According to Mill, human liberty includes several components without which individuals can’t be truly free: †¢ Individuals are free to think as they wish, and to feel as they do (the freedom to opinion and of speech). Mills argues that the freedom of speech is necessary for social progress because allowing people to freely express their opinions and ideas, even if they are false, is useful for two reasons. First, in an open exchange of ideas individuals are likely to understand that some of their beliefs may be erroneous and will thus abandon them. Second, in the process of debate individuals reaffirm their beliefs and prevent them from turning into mere dogma. Mill believes that it is important for individuals to understand why their beliefs are true (John Stuart Mill). †¢ Individuals are free to pursue tastes however â€Å"immoral† they may be considered by others so long as they are not harmful to others (John Stuart Mill). â€Å"Page # 4† †¢ Individuals are free to meet with other individuals (the freedom of assembly) (John Stuart Mill). 5. Mill believes that religion should be criticized in the same way as are other systems of thought regardless of the offence that such criticism may cause. One of main purposes which governed Mill’s philosophical endeavours all his life was his commitment to replace Christianity with a Religion of Humanity (Carey). 6. Mill’s liberal ideas made him an advocate of the development of efficient local government and associations and he fiercely opposed central control. He argued for the parents’ obligation to educate their children but disapproved of a central education system run by the state (John Stuart Mill). In what concerns individual freedoms, it is quite important to understand that Mill gives the specific justifications for them because he believes they will promote the progress of civilization and will be good for society. Mill does not regard liberty as a standard of value and does not mention any natural rights of individuals in his discussions. Instead he is mainly concerned with the utility of rights and freedoms of individuals for the social progress (John Stuart Mill; John Stuart Mill: Political Philosopher). Many critics point out that Mill underestimated the important role of social order and custom as a source of security or freedom. His liberalism is also weakened in the eyes of other critics who do not share his extremely optimistic view of human nature. They are particularly pessimistic about his rosy belief that it is humans’ conditioned engagement in a continuous attempt to achieve personal development that results in the existence of diverse personalities and viewpoints (Reeves). Mill is also often criticised for justifying the right of one developed nation to exercise despotism over other underdeveloped nations (or â€Å"barbarians† as he calls them) on the grounds that it brings them the benefits and advantages of higher civilization (John Stuart Mill and Liberal â€Å"Page # 5† Imperialism). Despite criticism, the remarkable greatness of Mill lies in his readiness and willingness to combine both his thoughts and actions. He was a progressive philosopher who was ready to go to jail for his beliefs. It is not surprising then that six years after he published his great book On Liberty, he decided to stand for parliament in order to better implement his beliefs. His most known initiatives include the introduction of an amendment to the Reform bill in a successful attempt to give women equal voting rights; his relentless pursuit of Governor Edward Eyre for having brutally suppressing an uprising in Jamaica; his fierce opposition to the suspension of habeas corpus in Ireland; his successful campaign against an attempt to prohibit demonstrations or meetings in public parks, and many others (Reeves). By and large, Mill’s career as a liberal politician could be regarded as a relative failure. His performance was usually acclaimed, but he often found himself in opposition to the aims and wishes of his electors. He was quite reluctant to compromise with his own principles just to get support of his electorate, and this resulted in his failure to be re-elected in 1868 (John Stuart Mill: Political Philosopher). 200 years after his birth, Mill’s liberalism is still relevant(Source: http://www. prospect-magazine. co. uk/article_details. php? id=7439) Mills was aware that On Liberty as well as many others of his philosophical works raised several important problems, such as the tyranny of â€Å"uniformity in opinion and practice† which would be more faced future generations than were by his own and that some critics believed that these problems were exaggerated because they were looking more at contemporary facts than at existing tendencies (Reeves). It may be argued that the issues that Mill was interested in and consistently dealt with in his time are without a doubt still relevant and important today (Plank). BIBLIOGRAPHY: 1. Carey, G. W. The Authoritarian Secularism of John Stuart Mill. Retrieved March 14, 2008 from the World Wide Web: http://www. nhinet. org/carey15-1. pdf 2. Heydt, C. John Stuart Mill: Overview. Retrieved March 14, 2008 from the World Wide Web: http://www. iep. utm. edu/m/milljs. htm 3. John Stuart Mill. Retrieved March 14, 2008 from the World Wide Web: http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/John_Stuart_Mill 4. John Stuart Mill and Liberal Imperialism. Retrieved March 14, 2008 from the World Wide Web: http://www. antiwar. com/stromberg/s051802. html 5. John Stuart Mill: Political Philosopher. Retrieved March 14, 2008 from the World Wide Web: http://www. john-mill. com/ 6. Plank, B. John Stuart Mill. Retrieved March 14, 2008 from the World Wide Web: http://www. liberal-international. org/editorial. asp? ia_id=685 7. Reeves, R. John Stuart Mill. Retrieved March 14, 2008 from the World Wide Web: http://www. prospect-magazine. co. uk/article_details. php? id=7439

Psychological debate on free will versus determinism

Psychological debate on free will versus determinism The free will vs. determinism debate that exists within psychology has long been a philosophical doctrine that roots back to Descartes (1596-1650), and has had an enormous impact on psychology, all the major theorists ranging from William James (1890) to B.F. Skinner (1971), have concluded empirical theories to help provide validity as to whether behaviour is determined by stimuli or external/internal events; this positivistic, mechanistic view of scientific psychology according to Taylor (1963), states that everything including thought processes and behaviour, is casually determined (Gross, 2003; 2010). The common sense view that people make their own decisions is a debate upon free will, the fact that we have a mind to be able to agree and disagree, implies we have a freedom of choice in regards to behaviour (Gross, 2003). So what exactly is free will? (Figure 1.1) Through this information, a balanced view upon the free will vs. determinism debate in regards to implications that exist within the treatment of disorders will be researched and presented. In diagnosing and treating mental disorders, both psychologists and psychiatrists often have to make judgements in regards to free will and determinism, whether that be explicitly or implicitly, this is because mental disorders can often be seen as complete or partial breakdown of the persons control over their emotions, thinking and behaviour. This is evident in patients with (OCD) or obsessive compulsive disorder, in definition this can be described as being compelled against his or her will or a behaviour which cannot be controlled (Gross, 2003). Developments in neuroscience can provide relevance to the debate in regards to clinical practises which treat mental disorders, clinical psychiatrists accept the view that free will can be impaired in many patients with mental disorders whose capacity to choose may have been compromised, in such cases the individual may then be considered not accountable for their own actions or behaviour. An acknowledgment to determinism is then made, in the way that some of the behaviour of that person is accredited to the mental disorder, advances in neuroscience have increased the understanding of brain functioning and led to the possibility that abnormal behaviour will be less recognized to the patients control of choice in relation to action, and more to brain function abnormalities. Although before the developments the view was questioned through the mind-brain dualism of the reductionists in the 19th century (Scott Henderson, 2005). Libet (1985) performed a study in relating the brain and our free will to behaviour; he showed that the preliminary brain activity which occurs through free choice is actually a couple hundred milliseconds before the choice reaches the conscious awareness. Basically stating that the brain makes decisions before the individual and that free will is an illusion. Rose et al. (1984) was a socio-biologist who believed in biological determinism, which states it is our biology that is to blame for our behaviour and mental abnormalities, not the individual; this approach seems appealing in regards to treatment of disorders as it removes the guilt and responsibility involved, however the view that our lives are constrained by a genetic predisposition, fails to recognise that as human we are constantly re-creating our own material environment and that it is our biology that makes us free (Gross, 2010). According to an article in the: Clinical Neuroscience Research Journal (2004;p,113-118), Social turmoil regarding psychosurgery and deep brain stimulation (DBS) was evident throughout the 1960-1970s, DBS being an effective form of diagnosis and treatment for mental disorders, even in our modern day which can be used to treat disorders such as severe OCD and Parkinsonà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s disease, however the turmoil regarding the whole treatment was because it was seen as means of controlling or changing behaviour and effecting emotional disturbance against free will, it was also thought that the treatment was used to control social behaviour of violent urban areas in the USA, resulting in mind control and racial repression. However these arguments are now just a by-product of the dualism era, and having a deeper knowledge into neuroscience and mental disorders, has allowed further research into the social stability of DBS, resulting in less speculation on it being a co mpletely controlled deterministic approach to treatments of disorders (Fins, 2004). In regards to treatment of eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa, according to the; Handbook of treatment for eating disorders (1997) by David M. Garner et al. the philosophical balance is addressed in regards as to whether patients with severe eating disorders should be hospitalised, on one side of the argument patients can be free to preserve their eating disorder even if it involves suboptimal functioning, and on the other it can be argued that the disorder could be so serious that it impairs judgement and restricts the patientà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s ability to exercise free choice especially in regards to the appraisal of the medical risks, as it appears both points seem variably valid and yet no possible solution can be found to solve the present dilemma. In relation to treatment refusal and free will, patients may make poor treatment decisions because of their illness symptoms, and that they would likely make a different choice if symptom free, because of this an important legal rights concept regarding the free will of treatment refusal is based upon determination of competency (Figure 1.2), or the right to refuse treatment with consent. Competence is decision specific, so patients may be competent enough to make a treatment decision at one time and not the other, also a decision made about a precise consequence of treatment might be easy to consent too in relation to a decision made about a more complex consequence of treatment which could result in a set of different outcomes (Masten, A.S., Curtis, W.J., 2000). If an individual is overruled as being incompetent i.e. unable to appreciate and understand information given about treatment, then it is possible to force treatment upon a patient against his/her free will, however according to the self-determinism theory, forcing treatment upon patients makes them less likely to experience treatment success if externally exposed (Mary, 2008). In conclusion a balanced view upon the free wills vs. determinism debate in regards to treatments of disorders seems controversially one sided, a lot of the literature and research into the subject identify the reductionist determinism approach as acceptable in many forms of clinical psychiatry, whether this is in regards to forced treatment or altering the emotional state through deep brain stimulation. However the balance is much more positive in our modern day times then it were 60-70 years ago. This is mainly thanks to advances in neuroscience and our understanding we have gained about the brain through the mental health institutes, the ongoing debate has a number of misconceptions which require a precise understanding of the key concepts, but overall indicate that free will and determinism are both correct.

Problems In Todays Society :: essays research papers

Problems In Today's Society   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are many problems right now in the society. Some of these problems can be easily solved, or can be impossible to solve depending how bad it is. Many people think these problems should be solved by the governments, since they are in charge. But we can also solve these problems if we get together. Not all the problems, but some that can be solved. I think the three major problems in the society today are: unemployment, violence, and pollution.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first problem in the society right now is unemployment. Many people today are either unemployed or underemployed. Some of these people just stay home and collect their welfare cheque every month, when they should go out and at least try to get a job. If there are more people like this, the country would be poor and therefore the government would have to collect more taxes. Also the standard of living would decrease because of their income that is way below the average income. Right now, there is also a big gap between the low income people and the high income people and this is becoming a problem. Low income people are starting to get lower wages and higher income people are starting to get higher wages.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another problem in the society is violence. Today, there are many violence in the streets, some schools, and also in the media. These violence in the streets can cause the neighbourhood to become a bad place to live. This will cause people not to go there or move in there because of these violence. There are also many violence and gangs in some school, causing some of the school to be very unsafe to go. With these violence and gangs, students will probably be afraid of these people. In addition, the media can contain violence too. These violence, can cause kids to do what ever is on TV. For example, my little brother likes to watch wrestling and he sometimes does wrestling moves on me for no reason and thinking it's fun. Even though it doesn't hurt me because I'm bigger than him, he might hurt someone smaller in school or something.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The third problem in the society today is pollution. Many things these days cause pollution such as cars, air conditioners, refrigerators, factories, CFC cans, etc.. All these things together can cause a pollution problem in the society today. The CFC cans used to be a serious problem to the ozone layer, but luckily it was taken off the market. Refrigerators and air conditioners are also a problem to the zone because of the liquid called freon.

The Contract Between Chinese Teacher and Foreign Teacher

When I search on the Internet, there are a lot of news comes to my eyes; among them many of the news are about the Chinese education system or even the teachers. Around us, we always heard a lot of different comments of the Chinese teacher, and some of people like to make comparison between the Chinese and foreigner teachers. Now I am a student in the cooperated school, I have experienced the foreign teaching style, and learned from some teachers from America, I found there are really many differences between the Chinese teacher and the foreign teachers. To contract those teachers who come from China and abroad, I will describe on three aspects: what is the teaching style of them, how the attitude to the students and the last one is how they care about their students. The first difference is about the teaching style. That is also the biggest one in my mind, one is like a whip, and the other is like a road sign. As we know, almost all the Chinese teachers just give the lecture when they are teaching some knowledge to the students. If you walk around in some classrooms when the students having classes, you will see very similar scene that the teachers are standing on the teaching ground and talking, the students are just writing the notes as quickly as they can. Although they feel tiered, they cannot stop because of the anxiousness that they cannot follow the teachers. And for the Chinese students, after the class they have so much homework to do that the teacher left to them. On the contrary, the atmosphere of the foreign teachers’ classes is more easily. You always can hear that the students are discussing in the class. Because the teachers prefer to guide the students to find out the answer or learn the knowledge by themselves or within a team. Obviously, they do not like to leave so much homework to force the students to remember and repeat what they learn in the class, they are willing to take a self-help study. So the Chinese teachers like to be a whip and they want to force the students to study in their designed way, however, the foreign teachers act as a road sign that they can lead the students in a right direction and let them learn by themselves. Secondly, one of the differences between Chinese teachers and foreign teachers is how they care about the students. In my opinion, the Chinese teachers care about the students’ study achievements. But for the foreign teachers, they concern more about the students’ life and personality not only the study record. When I was in the middle school, I found what the most important thing the teacher concerned is only study. If a student feel upsad, the teacher always said make yourself better soon, do not affect your study. That seems like all the starting points for the teacher is good to study. However, the foreign teachers do not only care about the students’ study, in their mind, study is not so important, they care more about the students’ growth and personalities. They pay much attention to the development of students’ positive life attitude and good personalities. if a foreign teacher sees a worried student, this teacher is probably afraid whether the longtime bad mood can bring terrible impact on the student’s growth. Therefore, the foreign teacher care more about the students’ growth verses the Chinese teachers who just concern the study too much. The last one is the different attitude to the students who make some mistakes. The strictness is a very outstanding attribute for the Chinese teachers which is known by people. Especially when the students make some mistakes, they always treat them very strictly, even punish them. They think only the strict punishment and critic can let the students remember this lesson. On the contrary, few of the foreign teachers punish the students who make mistakes. They are more patient and try to let students know how serious the consequence is when they take such wrong action. To their opinion, everyone has the antagonistic mentality, too much punishment and critic only can stir up the hostility. That just makes the result more terrible or even has a bad influence on the students. Obviously the attitudes toward the students who make the mistakes are so different; the Chinese teachers prefer to choose a strict method to avoid the students to try it again. But for the foreign teachers, they are more friendly to get the permission that the students will not repeat this mistake. In the conclusion, the Chinese teachers are so different from the foreign teachers, such as different teaching style, different attitudes to the students and different treatment to the students’ study record. As a result, those make different characteristics of the students from different region, Chinese students always have strong basement in the academy, and however the foreign students are more creative.